At the ongoing COP30 climate summit in Belém, Brazil, small island nations emphasized the need for the international community to adhere to the 1.5°C global temperature limit, calling it essential for their survival on Earth.
Leaders from these nations stressed that failing to reduce emissions and meet the agreed-upon target poses a direct existential risk, due to their extreme vulnerability to rising sea levels, increasing tropical storms, droughts, and land degradation. One leader stated:
"1.5°C is not just a number; it is the difference between life and death for our peoples."
The summit has also faced controversy after accusations that the United Nations implemented excessive security measures against protests led by Indigenous groups. This sparked debates on environmental rights and Indigenous rights, highlighting the dual challenge of reducing emissions while protecting local communities.
Discussions are focused on creating a global roadmap to cut emissions, promote clean energy transitions, and support countries most vulnerable to climate impacts, such as Pacific, Caribbean, and Indian Ocean islands. However, disagreements persist between major powers and small nations regarding funding and the sharing of environmental responsibilities.
Climate experts believe that the success of COP30 depends on genuine global cooperation and a commitment to emission reductions. Without urgent action, small island nations could face catastrophic climate impacts in the coming decades. Immediate measures are seen as the only way to avoid the worst scenarios of global warming.
